Cufnaanta Bentonite Slurry
1. Kala soocidda iyo Waxqabadka slurry
1.1 Kala saarista
Bentonite, sidoo kale loo yaqaan dhagaxa bentonite, waa dhagax dhoobo ah oo leh boqolkiiba sare ee montmorillonite, kaas oo inta badan ku jira qadar yar oo illite, kaolinite, zeolite, feldspar, calcite, iwm. Waxaa ka mid ah, bentonite-ku-saleysan kalsiyum waxaa loo kala saari karaa kalsiyum-sodium-ku-saleysan iyo bentonites-ku-saleysan calcium-magnesium, sidoo kale.
1.2 Waxqabadka
1) Qalabka Jirka
Bentonite waa caddaan iyo huruud khafiif ah oo dabiici ah halka ay sidoo kale ka muuqato cawl khafiif ah, casaan cagaaran, casaan bunni ah, madow, iwm.
2) Halabuurka Kiimikada
Qaybaha kiimikada ugu muhiimsan ee bentonite waa silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminium oxide (Al2O3) iyo biyaha (H2O). Waxa ku jira oksaydhka birta iyo magnesium oxide ayaa sidoo kale aad u sarreeya mararka qaarkood, kalsiyum, sodium, potassium ayaa inta badan ku jira bentonite oo ka kooban waxyaabo kala duwan. Waxyaabaha ku jira Na2O iyo CaO ee bentonite waxay ka dhigaysaa farqi ku saabsan sifooyinka jireed iyo kiimikaad, iyo xitaa habka farsamada.
3) Qalabka Jirka & Kiimikada
Bentonite waxay ku fiican tahay hygroscopicity-keeda ugu fiican, taas oo ah ballaarinta ka dib nuugista biyaha. Tirada balaadhinta ee ku lug leh nuugista biyuhu waxa ay gaartaa sare ilaa 30 jeer. Waxa lagu kala firdhi karaa biyaha si ay u samaysmaan indho-fiiqan, thixotropic, iyo saliidayn kolloidal-joojin. Waxay isu beddeshaa mid la cusbooneysii karo oo dhejis ah ka dib marka lagu qaso qashinka wanaagsan sida biyaha, slurry ama ciid. Waxay awood u leedahay inay nuugo gaasyo kala duwan, dareerayaal, iyo walxo dabiici ah, iyo awoodda ugu badan ee adsorption waxay gaari kartaa 5 jeer miisaankeeda. Dhulka aashitada bleaching ee dusha-firfircoon wuxuu soo saari karaa walxaha midabka leh.
Astaamaha jireed iyo kiimikaad ee bentonite waxay inta badan ku xidhan yihiin nooca iyo waxa ku jira montmorillonite. Guud ahaan, sodium-based bentonite waxay leedahay sifooyin jidheed iyo kiimiko oo heer sare ah iyo waxqabadka farsamada marka loo eego kaalshiyam-ku-salaysan ama bentonite-ku-salaysan magnesium.
2. Cabbirka Joogtada ah ee Bentonite Slurry
TheLonnmeterkhadbentoniteslurrycufnaantamitirwaa onlinemitir cufnaanta saxarkainta badan loo isticmaalo hababka warshadaha. Cufnaanta slurry waxaa loola jeedaa saamiga miisaanka slurry iyo miisaanka mugga biyaha la cayimay. Baaxadda cufnaanta slurry ee lagu cabiray goobta waxay kuxirantahay wadarta culeyska slurry-ga iyo goynta slurry-ka. Culayska isku-darka waa in sidoo kale lagu daraa haddii ay jiraan.
3. Codsiga slurry ee xaaladaha kala duwan ee juqraafiyeed
Way adag tahay in dalool laga qodo sander, quruurux, lakabyo quruurux ah iyo aagagga jabay ee guryaha isku xidhka yar ee qaybaha. Furaha dhibaatadu waxay ku jirtaa kordhinta xoogga isku xidhka ee qaybaha, oo waxay u qaadataa slurry sidii xannibaad ilaalin ah oo ka mid ah qaybahan oo kale.
3.1 Saamaynta cufnaanta slurry ee xawaaraha qodista
Xawaaraha qodista ayaa hoos u dhacaya cufnaanta qulqulka ee sii kordheysa. Xawaaraha qodista aad ayuu hoos ugu dhacayaa, gaar ahaan marka cufnaanta slurry ay ka weyn tahay 1.06-1.10 g/cm3. Markasta oo uu sareeyo viscosity of slurry waa, hoos u dhaca xawaaraha qodista.
3.2 Saamaynta ay ku leedahay Mawduuca Ciida ee ku jira Qodista
Waxyaabaha ku jira qashinka dhagaxa ah ee ku jira slurry waxay keenaysaa khataro xagga qodista, taasoo keenta godad aan habboonayn oo la safeeyey oo ku dheggan. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay keeni kartaa nuugid iyo xamaasad cadaadis, taasoo keentay in daadinta ama si fiican u dumo. Waxa ku jira ciiddu aad bay u sarraysaa, wasakhda godka ku jirtana waa dhumuc weyn. Waxa ay sababtaa in gidaarka daloolka uu soo dumo fuuq-baxa awgeed,waxana ay fududdahay in ay keento in maqaarku uu ka soo dhaco shilal. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxa ku jira wasakhda sare waxay sababtaa daal aad u weyn oo ku dhaca tuubooyinka, godadyada laydhka, gacmo-gacmeedyada tubaakada biyaha, iyo ulo bistoon ah, noloshooda adeegguna waa gaaban tahay. Sidaa darteed, iyada oo la raacayo aasaaska hubinta dheelitirka cadaadiska samaynta, cufnaanta slurry iyo content ciidda waa in la yareeyaa intii suurtagal ah.
3.3 Cufnaanta slurry ee Ciidda Jilicsan
Lakabyada ciidda jilicsan, haddii cufnaanta slurry ay aad u yar tahay ama xawaaraha qodista uu aad u degdegayo, waxay u horseedi doontaa dalool dumay. Badanaa way fiicantahay in cufnaanta slurry lagu hayo 1.25g/cm3lakabkan ciidda.
4. Foomamka Slurry Caadiga ah
Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo slurry ah injineernimada, laakiin waxaa loo kala saari karaa noocyada soo socda iyadoo loo eegayo ka koobnaantooda kiimikada. Habka saami qaybsiga waa sida soo socota:
4.1 Na-Cmc (Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose) slurry
slurry-kan ayaa ah midka ugu caansan ee kor uqaadista dheeha, Na-CMC-na waxa ay door ka ciyaartaa kor u qaadida viscosity-ka iyo dhimista lumista biyaha. Qaaciddada ayaa ah: 150-200g oo dhoobo ah oo tayo sare leh, 1000ml oo biyo ah, 5-10Kg oo dambas soodhaha ah, iyo qiyaastii 6kg oo Na-CMC ah. guryaha slurry waa: cufnaanta 1.07-1.1 g/cm3, viscosity 25-35s, khasaaraha biyaha ka yar 12ml/30min, pH qiimaha qiyaastii 9.5.
4.2 Birta Chromium Salt-Na-Cmc Slurry
slurry Tani waxay leedahay xoojinta viscosity xoog leh iyo xasilooni, iyo chromium cusbada bir ah ayaa door ka ciyaara ka hortagga floccution (dilution). Qaaciddada waa: 200g dhoobo, 1000ml biyo ah, qiyaastii 20% ku darida xalalka alkali saafiga ah ee 50% fiirsashada, 0.5% ku darida xalalka cusbada ferrochromium ee 20% xoojinta, iyo 0.1% Na-CMC. Sifooyinka slurry waa: cufnaanta 1.10 g/cm3, viscosity 25s, luminta biyaha 12ml/30min, pH 9.
4.3 Lignin Sulfonate Slurry
Lignin sulfonate waxaa laga soo qaatay dareeraha qashinka saxarka sulfite waxaana guud ahaan loo isticmaalaa in lagu daro wakiilka alkali dhuxusha si loo xalliyo ka-hortagga flocculation iyo biyaha luminta slurry iyadoo lagu saleynayo kororka viscosity. Caanaha waa 100-200kg dhoobo, 30-40kg sulfite saxarka dareere, 10-20kg dhuxusha wakiilka alkali, 5-10kg NaOH, 5-10kg defoamer, iyo 900-1000L biyaha 1m3 slurry. Guryaha slurry waa: cufnaanta 1.06-1.20 g/cm3, viscosity funnel 18-40s, khasaaraha biyaha 5-10ml/30min, iyo 0.1-0.3kg Na-CMC ayaa lagu dari karaa inta lagu jiro qodista si loo sii yareeyo khasaaraha biyaha.
4.4 Humic acid Slurry
Humic acid slurry waxay isticmaashaa wakiilka alkali dhuxusha ama humate sodium sida xasiliye. Waxa loo isticmaali karaa iyadoo lala kaashanayo wakiilada kale ee daawaynta sida Na-CMC. Habka diyaarinta humic acid slurry waa in lagu daro 150-200kg oo ah wakiilka alkali dhuxusha (miisaanka engegan), 3-5kg Na2CO3, iyo 900-1000L oo biyo ah 1m3 of slurry. guryaha slurry: cufnaanta 1.03-1.20 g/cm3, khasaaraha biyaha 4-10ml/30min, pH 9.
Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-12-2025
